Finnish retirement age by year of birth
Pick your birth year to see your earliest retirement age, your target age and whether the figure is confirmed yet.
Checked by Radif Partners · Editorial policy · Calculation method
If you were born between 1962 and 1964, your earliest old-age retirement age (alin vanhuuseläkeikä) in Finland is 65 and the upper age is 70; both are fixed in law. For anyone born in 1965 or later the age is not settled. From that cohort onwards it is tied to life expectancy, and for those born in 1965 it will land somewhere between 64 years 10 months and 65 years 2 months. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has to confirm it by decree no later than the end of October 2026, and as of early October 2026 it has not done so. The official calculator on Työeläke.fi forecasts 65 y for 1965, and 67 y 6 m for someone born in 1990, but these are projections, not entitlements. Each cohort also has a target retirement age (tavoite-eläkeikä), the point at which the deferral increase offsets the life expectancy cut: 66 y 3 m for people born in 1964. The Kela national pension starts at 65 for those born before 1965.
Your retirement age by year of birth
Earliest retirement age
66 y 2 m
| Target retirement age | 67 y 10 m |
| Partial early pension from | 63 y 2 m |
| Pension starts at the earliest in | 2041 |
| Status | forecast (tyoelake.fi) |
Ages already fixed in law
The 2017 pension reform raised the earliest retirement age by 3 months for each birth cohort until it reached 65 for people born in 1962. The upper limit for accruing pension rose from 68 to 70 at the same time. These figures are written into the Employees Pensions Act (työntekijän eläkelaki) and published on Työeläke.fi, so they will not change for these cohorts.
| Born | Earliest age | Target age | Partial pension from | Upper age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1956 | 63 y 6 m | 64 y 5 m | 61 y | 68 y |
| 1957 | 63 y 9 m | 64 y 9 m | 61 y | 68 y |
| 1958 | 64 y | 65 y 1 m | 61 y | 69 y |
| 1959 | 64 y 3 m | 65 y 5 m | 61 y | 69 y |
| 1960 | 64 y 6 m | 65 y 9 m | 61 y | 69 y |
| 1961 | 64 y 9 m | 66 y | 61 y | 69 y |
| 1962 | 65 y | 66 y 3 m | 61 y | 70 y |
| 1963 | 65 y | 66 y 2 m | 61 y | 70 y |
| 1964 | 65 y | 66 y 3 m | 62 y | 70 y |
The three cohorts born in 1962, 1963 and 1964 share the same earliest age but not the same target age. That is because each cohort gets its own life expectancy coefficient (elinaikakerroin), recalculated from mortality data every year, and the target age is derived from it.
Born in 1965 or later: what you can and cannot know
From the 1965 cohort onwards, the earliest age follows life expectancy. The Finnish Centre for Pensions (Eläketurvakeskus) runs the first adjustment for this cohort; changes come in whole months and are capped at 2 months per year of birth. Starting from 65, that gives a window of 64 years 10 months to 65 years 2 months for 1965.
The legal deadline is two months before the start of the calendar year in which the cohort turns 62, so the end of October 2026 for people born in 1965. Until that decree appears, our calculator labels the 1965 age as a forecast. Pensions for this cohort cannot begin before 2030.
If you moved to Finland in your thirties or forties, this is the part that concerns you. Every figure below is a projection that the official calculator publishes for planning. Faster gains in life expectancy would push the ages up; slower gains would hold them back.
| Born | Earliest (forecast) | Target (forecast) | Partial (forecast) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1965 | 65 y | 66 y 3 m | 62 y |
| 1966 | 65 y 1 m | 66 y 4 m | 62 y 1 m |
| 1967 | 65 y 3 m | 66 y 8 m | 62 y 3 m |
| 1968 | 65 y 5 m | 66 y 10 m | 62 y 5 m |
| 1969 | 65 y 6 m | 67 y | 62 y 6 m |
| 1970 | 65 y 8 m | 67 y 2 m | 62 y 8 m |
| 1971 | 65 y 9 m | 67 y 3 m | 62 y 9 m |
| 1972 | 65 y 10 m | 67 y 5 m | 62 y 10 m |
| 1973 | 65 y 11 m | 67 y 7 m | 62 y 11 m |
| 1974 | 66 y | 67 y 8 m | 63 y |
| 1975 | 66 y 2 m | 67 y 10 m | 63 y 2 m |
| 1976 | 66 y 3 m | 68 y | 63 y 3 m |
| 1977 | 66 y 4 m | 68 y 1 m | 63 y 4 m |
| 1978 | 66 y 5 m | 68 y 3 m | 63 y 5 m |
| 1979 | 66 y 6 m | 68 y 4 m | 63 y 6 m |
| 1980 | 66 y 7 m | 68 y 6 m | 63 y 7 m |
| 1984 | 67 y | 69 y 1 m | 64 y |
| 1990 | 67 y 6 m | 69 y 10 m | 64 y 6 m |
| 1993 | 67 y 9 m | not computed | 64 y 9 m |
For people born in 1993 or later, Työeläke.fi shows no target age at all. The upper age stays at 70. The partial early pension follows the earliest age at a fixed distance of three years, visible in the last column.
Why the target age matters more than it looks
Retiring at your earliest age is allowed, but the life expectancy coefficient then reduces your earnings-related pension for good. For the 1964 cohort the coefficient is 0.94643, a cut of about 5.4%. Working 15 more months, up to the target age, earns a deferral increase of 6.0%, which covers that cut. The arithmetic is set out on life expectancy coefficient and deferring your pension, and the pension calculator compares both options on your own salary.
Other age limits you will meet
- Kela national pension (kansaneläke): 65 for people born before 1965; for later cohorts, the same as the earliest earnings-related age.
- Partial early old-age pension: 61 for those born 1956–1963, 62 for 1964, three years before the earliest age after that. See partial early pension.
- Years-of-service pension (työuraeläke): from 63 at the earliest, after at least 38 years in physically or mentally demanding work, when health makes continuing difficult.
- Accrual window: work between ages 17 and 69 earns pension.
One condition matters to newcomers: the Kela national pension needs at least 3 years of residence in Finland after age 16, and it is paid in full only after long residence. The earnings-related pension has no such condition; every euro of Finnish pay from age 17 counts, however short your stay.